Which type of fog forms when moist air is lifted over a rising terrain?

Up-slope fog occurs when moist air is forced to rise over elevated terrain, such as hills or mountains. As the air ascends, it cools due to the decrease in atmospheric pressure with altitude. When the air cools to its dew point, condensation occurs, leading to the formation of fog. This type of fog is particularly common in mountainous regions where moist air is prevalent, and the orographic lift mechanism plays a significant role in moisture condensation.

In contrast, radiation fog forms overnight when the ground cools rapidly, leading to the cooling of the nearby air and causing condensation. Advection fog occurs when warm, moist air moves over a cooler surface, cooling the air below its dew point but not necessarily involving any lifting over terrain. Steam fog, on the other hand, is produced when cold air moves over warm water, creating a visible vapor cloud as the warm water evaporates, which then condenses in the colder air. Each type of fog has distinct mechanisms of formation, which is key to understanding atmospheric conditions.