What type of fog is likely to form when moist air moves over a colder surface?

The formation of fog when moist air moves over a colder surface is best categorized as advection fog. This type occurs when warm, moist air flows over a cooler surface, leading to cooling and subsequent condensation of the moisture in the air.

Advection fog is typically seen over bodies of water or when warm air moves over colder land surfaces. As the warm air cools down upon contact with the cooler surface, it loses its capacity to hold moisture, resulting in the fog that can reduce visibility significantly.

The other types of fog fit into different scenarios. Radiation fog, for example, forms on clear nights when the ground cools rapidly, allowing the air near the surface to cool and condense. Ground fog specifically refers to fog that forms close to the ground typically overnight and is also associated with radiation cooling. Steam fog occurs when cold air moves over warmer water, allowing moisture to evaporate into the colder air, creating a visible fog.

In summary, the correct identification of advection fog is based on the interaction of moist air and colder surfaces, which is a key principle in understanding meteorological phenomena involving fog formation.